Using Ce to modify inclusion in spring steel
J. Min. Metall. Sect. B-Metall. 53 (3) B (2017) 365-372. DOI:10.2298/JMMB161117026W
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Abstract
The effect of rare earth metals addition on the Al2O3 inclusions in spring steel used in fastener of high speed railway was investigated by metallographic examination, SEM-EDS and composition analysis. To deform those harmful inclusions to improve material performance, the evolution process of Al2O3 inclusions was investigated through the surface and line scanning. Ce metal modifying Al2O3 is a stepwise reduction process based on a formation of ring shape Ce-riched band around the Al2O3 inclusions during reaction process. Through experiment and thermodynamic calculation, an evolvement rule about Al2O3 inclusions change after Ce addition is obtained, i.e. Al2O3→Ce2O3-Al2O3→Ce2O2S. Changing the inclusions from Al2O3 to rare earth inclusions could improve the resistance to pitting corrosion based on potentiodynamic anodic polarization test.
Keywords: Cerium; Inclusions; Thermodynamic calculation; Al2O3; Spring steel
Correspondence Address:
L.J. Wang,
State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy,
University of Science and Technology Beijing,China;
Collaborative Innovation Center of Steel Technology,
University of Science and Technology Beijing,China
lijunwang@ustb.edu.cn
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