Hydrothermal leaching behavior of complex polymetallic secondary sulfide concentrate enhanced by ultrasonic
J. Min. Metall. Sect. B-Metall., 61 (1) (2025) 27-41. DOI:10.2298/JMMB240618003L
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Available online 21 March 2025
(Received 18 June 2024; Accepted 21 March 2025)
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Complex polymetallic secondary sulfide concentrate (CPSSC) is difficult to be efficiently utilized because of its special mineral phase structure and high lead and iron content. A novel process proposed in this study, hydrothermal leaching without acid (water as lixiviate) enhanced by ultrasonic, can achieve environmentally friendly and selective separation of copper from CPSSC and prevent the production of the hazardous material plumboferrite contained in the leached residue. The influence of the control parameters on the leaching efficiency and the mineral phase composition and structure of the obtained leached residueis investigated. The obtained results show that the leaching efficiency of copper without sulfuric acid, is the best under the conditions of temperature 180 ℃, oxygen partial pressure 1.0 MPa, stirring speed 600 r/min, ultrasonic power 360 W, liquid to-solid ratio 10:1 and mass ratio of lignosulfonate to raw material 0.2%. Under the above optimal conditions, the leaching efficiency of copper and iron reached 99.12% and 19.46%, respectively. Ultrasonic amplification increases the leaching efficiency of copper by 10.02%, and promotes the leaching efficiency of iron, which decreases by 5.20%. The leaching process conforms to the model of unreacted contraction core model under mixed control, the activation energy is 71.76 kJ/mol, and the macroscopic kinetic equation in terms of stirring rate, oxygen partial pressure and ultrasonic power is 1-(1-X)1/3 -1/3ln(1-X) = 40.457P_(O_2)^0.771 r^0.903 P^0.431e(-8630.19/T)t。.
Keywords: Chalcopyrite; Process enhancement; Hydrothermal leaching; Kinetics
Correspondence Address:
Y.L. Liao,
Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China;
email: liaoyl@kust.edu.cn
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